No. Under Article 2 of the Saudi Law of Criminal Procedure, no person may be arrested, searched, detained, or imprisoned except in cases specifically provided for by law. This protection applies to everyone in Saudi Arabia, including expatriates.
Detention can only take place in officially designated facilities, and only for the legally permitted duration. This means arbitrary detention or holding you in an unofficial location is not lawful. If you believe you have been detained without legal justification, you or someone acting on your behalf should contact your country's embassy or consulate immediately.
As a practical step, always carry your Iqama (residency permit) and ensure your visa and work permit status are up to date, as violations of residency law are among the most common legal grounds for detaining expats. Knowing your rights under Article 2 empowers you to request a clear legal reason for any detention.
This is general legal information, not legal advice. For advice on your specific situation, consult a lawyer licensed in Saudi Arabia.